Literature: Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia dated May 25, 2009 400 "On improving the training of internal affairs bodies and internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia to actions for emergency circumstances." Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia of February 28, 1997, 013 "On approval of a temporary instruction on the operation of operational headquarters of the internal affairs bodies." Charter of the patrol and captain service police of the public security of the Russian Federation. - M.: MIA of Russia, Anischenko A.Yu. Tactical and special preparation of ATS officers to actions in emergency circumstances: Tutorial. - M.: COOKR MVD of Russia, C, Bondarevsky I.I. Special tactics. Textbook. - M.: COCP of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, with Casinsky N.E. Tactical and special training: textbook. - M.: COCP MVD of Russia, with Osipenko V.D. and others. Basics of tactical training in the ATS. Tutorial (course of lectures). - St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, with
Question 1: Essence and types of special operations Special operation is a complex of operational and investigative, intelligence, preventive measures, power and investigative actions carried out by the forces in a single plan with centralized management in one or sequentially several areas in order to arrest criminals (offenders) and Normalization of the operational situation. Special operation is the most difficult form of the implementation of operational and service and service-combat missions of the ATS and VV of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
Characteristic features of a special operation are: attracting a relatively larger amount of various compositions, subordination and appointment of forces and means of ATS, BB, FSB and other powerful departments; The final goals of the operation are achieved by carrying out a number of events and actions (operational, preventive, power, etc.); Performing activities and actions are characterized by high maneuverability, fast change in the situation, dynamism; Power acts in the operation can be deployed on an extensive area, continue for a long time, and in individual operations are local in nature and proceeds. Power actions are carried out only when operational-search, warning and other activities have not led to a criminal failure or criminal group from unlawful actions.
The essence and content of activities and actions conducted in a special operation are determined by its goals and specific circumstances of the established situation. They are carried out by conducting operational installations, observation, use of a special apparatus, the use of operational and technical means and operational combinations, etc. Operational search activities are carried out with the goal: determining the number of criminals (groups), the nature of their actions; Identify the intentions of criminals, their armaments, equipment and tactics of action, links: establishing places of shelter; detecting hostages (quantity, location, protection, treatment, etc.); Implemented misleading criminals regarding the intentions of the Department of Internal Affairs and obtaining other data necessary to assess the situation in the preparation of the operation and the adoption of reasonable decisions on its conduct.
Negotiation process; Intelligence activities are carried out in order to obtain reliable information about the location, opportunities and actions of criminals (groups, organizations) and the characteristics of the conditions of the area. Intelligence is carried out from land, air, with the help of radio equipment, radiation and chemical intelligence devices. Warning activities are carried out by various techniques and methods for creating favorable conditions and a successful conduct of a special operation at the initial stage of the actions of forces and funds. preventive actions; Explanatory activities. regime measures; Warning activities include:
Power acts include a complex of various tactical techniques and methods aimed depending on the purpose of a special operation to prevent or limit the negative consequences from the actions of criminals or their liquidation. They are carried out using employees of weapons, special means, combat and special equipment and physical strength. Investigative actions are aimed at establishing and procedural consolidation of criminal activities, specific participants, as well as the causes and conditions for the emergence of a maniogenous emergence. If, when conducting operational-search and warning measures, positive results are achieved, the implementation of force acts becomes inappropriate. During this period, separate service or military outfits from the ATS and BB can operate. At the same time, planning a special operation with limited targets and tasks can be planned.
Each type of special operation is inherent in its characteristics that are expressed in the difference in tactical techniques and ways of conducting force action, the composition of the group of forces and means, elements of its operational construction, organizational structure of grouping, etc. These features are reflected in the advanced operations of the ATS operation plans in the well-being developed. For managing the actions of a grouping of forces and funds in a special operation, an operational headquarters (OSH) is created. The organizational structure, personal composition and duties of the OSH members are determined by the head of the relevant ATS and are announced by its order. The OSH includes: head of Osh; Deputy Head of Osh; OSH members; Groups (organizational and analytical; communication; interactions with the media; rear and technical support, etc.).
Osh is headed by the head of the Department of Internal Affairs, and its staff deputies, the Commander of the Connection (military unit, division) station, stationed on the territory of service and the coordination of managers (deputy heads) of interacting authorities, as well as commander of the special purpose police officers and special purpose police officers ( OMSN, OMON). Based on the operational situation and the scale of Cho, the OSH head can delegate its powers to one of his deputies. The heads of industry departments of the ATS, representatives of government bodies, local governments (by mutual agreement), forces and means of which are attracted to the actions in the territory of service are appointed by the OSH members. From the bodies and divisions of the Department of Internal Affairs of the private security, departments, departments (departments) of the private security, departments (departments) in but, on particularly important and regime objects in the event of cholying transport objects and protected objects, operational groups are allocated (Employees) to coordinate joint actions.
The main tasks of the operational headquarters are: collection, generalization and analysis of incoming information, preparation of materials for assessing the situation and developing proposals for decision-making by the head of the OSH; preparation of administrative documents; The organization of the execution of orders and orders given to the head, the implementation of control over their practical implementation; Management of forces and means, ensuring consistency of the actions of the attracted forces and means of internal affairs bodies and internal troops during special events. When appointing the head of the territorial security body, the head of the OSH, the head of the ATS is appointed by its first deputy in cases: preventing the terrorist act; the liberation of the aircraft, the vessel of water transport, railway rolling stock, captured by criminals; The seizure of hostages when trying to achieve a political goals, and in the SIZO, IVS - when trying to achieve faces to achieve the goals of illegal emigration from the Russian Federation.
For the work of the OSH and the management of units in various conditions in the internal affairs bodies, management points are deployed: the Center for Operational Department (CO), in GorzhalInorgans of the Interior - Operational Control (PO); Point control (CPU); mobile control (PPU); Auxiliary control (VPU). The main point of management when performing tasks in CE is the cue (PO), which is deployed directly in the Department of ATS, as a rule, near the room attendant. The premises intended for him are preparing in advance and is equipped with everything necessary (automated work places, communications, office equipment, livelihoods). At the failure of the Coe (PO), it is removed on the PC, which is designed to increase the stability and continuity of management.
To manage the grouping of forces and funds in the Cho area, manuals and means during special operations, VPU is allocated. On VPU, OSH can move in full, either it is allocated by the OSH control group. The VPU unfolds on the basis of specially equipped high-pass vehicles, which are equipped with the necessary types of communication and have at least 6 jobs. For participation in counter-terrorism operations and minimizing the consequences of terrorist acts, the forces and means of internal affairs bodies and internal troops are involved in accordance with the list agreed with the leadership of the territorial units of the federal executive bodies approved at the meeting of the operational headquarters in the subject of the Russian Federation. The composition of the forces and means of internal affairs bodies and internal troops involved in counter-terrorism operations in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation is approved by the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. All control points should be able to perform managerial functions in full.
Actions in emergency circumstances are attracted by divisions of the internal affairs bodies, compounds and military units of internal troops, educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The calculation of the forces attracted to acts in CE is carried out, based on the following norms: the internal affairs bodies at the permanent dislocation paragraph - up to 60%, outside the permanent deployment points - up to 50% of the list of personnel, linear internal affairs bodies in transport - 10 %; Educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia - 50% of the list of personnel. The main methods of ATS and BB operations in a special operation are: blocking; Search; the pursuit; environment; coating; ambush; dispersal; seizure (capture).
Question 2: The main stages of the special operation and their maintenance during the preparatory period (organization of operation) takes place the whole complex of operational-search, preventive and other activities, in order to decline in the refusal of individual criminals or a criminal group from unlawful actions. Initial actions conducts operational duty officer by ATS, outfits serving service in the area of \u200b\u200boperation, an immediate response group (GNR) and a duty of the investigative-operational group (SHD) of the ATS. Each operation regardless of the species and features of it consists of three stages: organization of operation (preparatory period); conducting operations (period of force); Completion of the operation (final period).
If the measures taken by the territorial ATS did not give positive results, then his head reports the operational situation to the eldest chief and with its permission conducts a special operation. The task of conducting a special operation can be received in the form of an order, the order or supply of the installed alert signal for collecting the personnel involved in the CHO action. Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia dated May 25, 2009 400 installed the following signals for collecting personnel: p / p signs on signals 123 Warning and preventing terrorist crimes 1. "Edelweiss" collection of personnel, operational staff of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Ministry of Internal Affairs, MUV Subjects of the Russian Federation, the personal composition of the divisions of the internal affairs bodies and internal troops allocated to the Grouping of Forces and Funds of Operational Staff in the subject of the Russian Federation 1.1 "Nabat" at air transport facilities 1.2 "Vortex" on the objects of water transport 1.3 "Signal" at the railway facilities Transportation
Tunnel at the metro facilities 1.5 "Cyclone" at the facilities of road transport 1.6 "Technology" at the objects of industry 1.7 "Lightning" at the facilities of the fuel and energy complex 1.8 "Atom" on nuclear and radiation-hazardous facilities 1.9 "Storm" on hydrotechnical facilities 1.10 "Thunderstorm" at the facilities of state power bodies 1.11 "Arsenal" at military facilities 1.12 "Blizzard" at the facilities of the mass stay of people 1.13 "diplomat" at the facilities of representative offices of foreign countries Warning and preventing crimes against public security 2. "Volcano-1" collection of personnel involved in the suppression of mass riots in settlements, camps of internally displaced persons, temporary detention facilities (IVS) and other special institutions of the police 3. "Volcano-2" collection of personnel attracted to the suppression of a gang activity 4. "Volcano-3" collection of personal The composition involved in the search and detention of armed and especially dangerous criminals (armed deserters) 5. "Fastener B »Collecting the personnel involved in the curb of the seizure of own facilities of the internal affairs bodies and internal troops
123 Warning and preventing crimes against the foundations of the constitutional system and security of the state 6. Avalanche collection of a personnel involved in the prevention and suppression (suppression) of armed rebellion Warning and preventing crimes against the safety of traffic and operation of transport 7. "Fog" collection of personnel, The warning and prevention of crimes involved in the establishment of criminal penalties in the form of imprisonment 8. The signal is determined by the territorial bodies of the Federal Tax Service of Russia, Russia FSB and the interaction plans for the collection of personnel involved in the prevention of actions to seize hostages and disorganizing the activities of institutions providing insulation from society to eliminate the effects of emergency situations 9. "Typhoon-1" "Typhoon-2" collection of personnel involved in eliminating the effects of emergency situations: a) a technogenic nature; b) the natural nature of the event for the protection of the state border of the Russian Federation 10. The signal is determined by the territorial bodies of the PS PS FSB of Russia and the collaboration plans for the collection of the personnel involved in providing assistance to the bodies and troops of the FSB of Russia in the renewal of the illegal crossing of the state border of the Russian Federation in the locations of the authorities Internal affairs and internal troops
The forces and means of the ATS and BB, attracted to the Action Action, after alert and collection may be ready to be prepared 2 and 1. Combat and special technique, vehicles are displayed at the place of construction when replying to the degree of readiness 2: ammunition, movable stocks of material resources, Special and technical means are loaded on vehicles. Ammunitions are not issued. The tasks of the units are not put to the alert and collecting personnel, which arrives at the place of collection (concentration) means of communication and automation of management are preparing for the work of the personnel of personnel in the degree of readiness 2 is ready for ATS, connections and military units for 1 hour 30 minutes.
The personal composition is issued by weapons and ammunition (ammunition are issued in the hands or loaded on the vehicles in the standard packaging) when preparing 1: Tasks are set to groups. Personal composition is carried out; the personnel of the personnel of readiness 1 can be administered, bypassing ATS, compounds (military units) of centuries The term of viewing of readiness 1 from the degree of readiness 2 is 30 minutes, bypassing the degree of readiness 2 - 2 hours. The time of transition of personal composition to action after performing measures to bring into the degree of readiness 1 is carried out immediately (with the receipt of the order).
With the receipt of a signal or report on emergency circumstances, the head of the territorial ATS conducts activities in accordance with the Action Plan with Cho, informs the prosecutor and local authorities and management. The control body with a sharp complication of the operational situation and crisis situations are duty and Osh. The duty officer before collecting the personnel of OSH: independently takes the necessary solutions; gives the appropriate orders to the outfits followed by the head of the Department of Internal Affairs. In the future, all control is transmitted by OSH. In any case, when organizing the operation, the OSH head: Calculates the task; gives preliminary orders to prepare forces and funds; produces time calculation; evaluates atmosphere; makes a decision; puts the tasks of groups of operational construction; Organizes interaction, management and comprehensive operation.
As a result of the understanding of the task and assessment of the situation, conclusions are formed from it, which constitute the basis for the decision of the Osh head for a special operation. In the decision, the head of the OSH determines: the plan of operation (action area, method of holding, attracted forces, building groups, direction of basic effort, readiness time); tasks of groups of operational construction (composition, weapons, equipment, time and order of occupation of the original turn, tasks and methods of their implementation); the procedure for the use of weapons, technology, special means, security measures; The procedure for the interaction of groups of operational construction; Management and comprehensive management. The decision of the Osh head is drawn up on a map or scheme, and there are plans for operational and regulatory and technical support, as well as the necessary calculations.
The decision-made and approved by the Senior Operational Head, the decision of the OSH announces its deputies and members of the Osh, gives them an indication of the formulation of tasks to performers and the organization of their implementation directly on the ground. Oral tasks are recorded in the regulations, and the decision is issued by order. After declaring the decision, the head of Osh becomes the head of the operation. The Deputy Head of the OSHs put the tasks of the internal affairs departments and parts (divisions) of the explosives, which they are subordinated accordingly. The organization of a special operation (preparatory period) is completed by the output of divisions to the area of \u200b\u200boperation and the occupation of the initial positions by groups of operational construction. After the arrival of the order, the head of a special operation organizes interaction, management, comprehensive operation and monitors the implementation of given orders.
At the second stage of the operation (period of force), the grouping of forces and means for the command (signal) of the head of the operation is created in the initial period of the operation manager, which makes its tasks to curb or eliminate unlawful shares of criminals. Power actions are provided with operational-search, preventive and other activities of a special operation complex. Special attention is paid to the management of forces and means. The management of the grouping of forces and means is carried out from the main (cower), and if necessary, and auxiliary control points (VPU). In the course of force, according to a changing situation, the head of a special operation manages forces and means by recovering short orders personally and through deputies (members) of the operational headquarters.
A special operation is terminated by the command (signal) of the head of the operation after receiving data (reports of commanders of the operational construction groups) on the fulfillment of the task. The main actions of the final period: collecting forces and means involved in the operation, in places of permanent deployment; Summing up the operation; clarification of operational plans, taking into account the shortcomings of the revealed during the operation; preparation of an order of operation results; Preparation and sending report to higher headquarters (ATS, BB). The final period of the operation includes measures to prevent the occurrence of the occurrence of the emergence of the emergence of the participants in the unlawful actions, disarming of illegal armed groups), ensuring the work of the investigative-operational group and others.
In a written report, the older operational boss on the results of the operation indicates: the time and source of information about the location of the location and the criminal behavior of the detainees; Measures adopted by the police officers on blocking criminals and ensure the safety of citizens; measures taken on the organization of operation; Forces and means attracted to the operation; mistakes and miscalculations, as well as their negative consequences, and their negative consequences; data on criminals (their number, armed, nature of action); List of persons who distinguished themselves when conducting operations and decent encouragement. The diagram of the organization and the operation of the operation is attached to the report. Thus, the success of a special operation depends: from knowledge of the basics of its organization and maintenance; high-quality preparation of forces and means; The rational management of them when performing the tasks.
Term "Special Operation"appeared in the regulatory acts of the Ministry of the Interior relatively recently. This term emphasizes the exclusivity of such a type of operational and service and combat activities of the internal affairs bodies and internal troops.
Based on the results of the analysis of regulatory acts and literary sources, it can be concluded that, in theoretical plan, special operations can be characterized by certain specific categories (concepts). At the same time, under categories, scientifically pronounced general properties and relations of reality phenomena are understood.
Special operations- This is one of the most complex activities of organs and military MIA. It is characteristic of them to attract a relatively large number of different in the composition, subordination and appointment of the forces and means of the ATS, internal troops, the Federal Security Service (FSB), etc.;
the final goals of the operation are achieved by a number of activities: operational, regime, investigative and other, and various kinds of hostilities, distinguished by high maneuverability, rapidly changing the situation, dynamism.
The fighting in the operation can be deployed on an extensive area, continue for a long time, and in individual operations are local and leak quickly.
Special operation- this is a complex of operational-search, intelligence, counterintelligent, preventive measures, power and investigative actions carried out by the forces in a single plan with centralized management in one or several areas in order to prevent, curb and eliminate the consequences of a crisis situation of terrorist nature, as well as other criminal Character not related to terrorism.
Preparation and conduct of such operations covers a large circle of various issues and requires high responsibility, a firm knowledge of tactical techniques for the implementation of various activities and actions.
Types of special operations:
On the detention of armed criminals in various conditions;
On the detention of a criminal group who captured an aircraft;
On the detection and elimination of sabotage-intelligence groups of the enemy;
To curb and eliminate mass riots;
To eliminate the effects of natural disasters and large industrial accidents.
Each type of special operation is inherent in its features, which are expressed in the difference in tactical techniques of combat operations, as part of the grouping of forces and funds, in the elements of its combat order, in the organizational structure of the group, etc.
The objectives of special operations may be general and private.
To the common goal- can be attributed to the restoration of violated public circumstances of public order at the facility, district, city, a certain territory and ensuring the protection of the life and health of people, the prevention (reduction) of the damage to state, public, personal (private) property and cultural values, the detection of criminals and suppresiency (neutralization ) Their criminal action.
Private goala specific special operation will be determined, and depend on the nature and type of emergency circumstances, to eliminate which the entire set of activities of a special operation are organized and carried out. The complexity of the task for the head of the special operation and is to correctly identify private purposes, on the basis of which to adopt a suitable solution and put the tasks of the managed subsystems that can effectively implement it in relation to the object of impact (single armed criminal or armed criminal group).
Private objectives of special operations can be:
Wanted and detention (neutralization) of armed and other particularly dangerous criminals, including those hiding or hiding from the place of committing a crime that fled from places of detention or under the guard of convoy, guard, as well as armed deserters;
Liberation of hostages in various situations;
Suppression of seizure of aircraft and other vehicles;
Preventing the seizure of important objects: buildings, premises, structures and areas of terrain captured by criminals;
Disarmament of illegal armed formations, liquidation of gangster formations, preventing the activities of criminal communities (criminal organizations) and the withdrawal of weapons, ammunition, military equipment, explosives and martiality items;
Search and detention of violators who have penetrated the territory of an important state protected object;
Suppression of a terrorist act;
Suppression of bulk riots in settlements;
Suppression of mass riots in places of detention and execution of punishment;
The struggle with sabotage-intelligence groups and air (sea) of the enemy when performing the tasks of territorial defense.
The essence and content of events and hostilities conducted in a special operation are determined by its goals and specific circumstances of the established situation.
Each type of special operation is inherent in its features, which are expressed in the difference in tactical techniques of combat operations, the composition of the grouping of forces and means, elements of its combat order, organizational structure of grouping, etc.
Special operation is a complex type of activity of internal affairs bodies, which includes not only large-scale actions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Foundation of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, but also the necessary process of organizing and preparing forces and means to carry out measures of this scale.
Stages of conducting special operations and their content
Regardless of the species and features, each special operation consists of three stages:
1 stage - organization of operation, 2 stage - operation,
3 Stage - Completion of the operation.
Getting a task from the senior chief includes:
Making a decision on the operation;
Operation planning;
Organization of interaction;
Organization of combat and logistical support;
Preparation of units and concentration of forces and means in the area of \u200b\u200bthe upcoming actions.
Stage. "Maintaining operation"
It begins with the occupation of the elements of combat order of the outgoing rules on the set signal;
Each type of operation has its own strictly defined sequence:
a) when capturing the aircraft - in order to introduce criminals for misleading and providing psychological influence on them - after which the criminals are delayed or eliminated;
b) when finding a criminal in shelter - a sudden factor is used;
c) under conditions of active resistance - the operation is carried out with the provision of psychological impact on them, i.e. With the appeal to criminals about immediate delivery, the announcement of the use of weapons and special services against them.
Stage. "Completion of the operation"
Inspection of the operation area;
Collection of units;
Check personnel, material part;
Summarizing;
Drawing up a fighting scheme;
Preparation of reports on the end of the operation;
Disaster operation.
For conducting hostilities in a special operation, military forces are used, which includes units and part of the internal troops, special motorized parts of the militia, special purpose divisions, the personnel of the criminal investigation department, the department of struggle against economic crimes (BEP), employees of correctional institutions ( Ita), divisions of fire services, consolidated units temporarily formed from employees of various bodies and internal affairs institutions, as well as educational institutions.
In coordination with local authorities and the heads of relevant ministries and departments, voluntary national teams, acts of the population, the division of the Russian army, border troops and the Federal Security Service (FSB) may be involved in the actions in special operations.
The composition (categories and types) of the necessary forces and means is determined based on the nature of the action of the operations (for example, for the seizure, operational-search and investigative actions, conservation, the use of special means, deprivation of criminals is the possibility of conducting aiming fire, etc.) . Their number is determined taking into account the size of the territory (object) of the operation, the number of criminals, possible damage, etc.
In special operations, military forces use weapons and combat equipment standing in service, means of protecting personnel and forced impact.
Special operation can be carried out in an open area, in the forest, in the mountains, a settlement, a separate structure, etc., at different times of the day and year, with different weather. Naturally, these factors will have a significant impact on the organization and nature of combat operations when conducting an operation.
The organization of the operation beginsfrom the moment the task is received from the senior operational boss and includes:
Making a decision on operations;
Operation planning;
Organization of interaction;
Organizing combat and logistical support;
Preparation of divisions and concentration of forces, funds in the area of \u200b\u200bthe upcoming actions.
In the process of making a decision of the operation, if necessary, on individual issues, the head hears the subordinates, conducts reconnaissance, studies and analyzes the preceding experience in conducting such operations.
In decision, the operator of the operation determines:
Execution of the operation
Tasks subordinates
Order of interaction
Office management
Comprehensive provision
Based on the decision of the operator of the operation, various operational combat documents are being developed. These include:
Operation plan
Combat order
Plan of focusing division in the area of \u200b\u200boperation
Communication plan
Working Map (Scheme) Operator Head
Table of interaction signals and mutual identification.
Operation plan is the main planned document. It is drawn up textually or graphically on the map (Scheme), signed by the head by the Operation Manager and is approved by the Senior Operational Head, who decided to conduct an operation.
The plan consists of the following sections:
Forces and means attracted to surgery
Organization of interaction
Regular events in the area of \u200b\u200boperation
Organization of management and communications
Comprehensive combat
The success of the operation largely depends on the interaction of forces and funds involved in the operation, which is organized within the divisions, with neighbors, in place, time and achievement. The actions of the units at night and in conditions of limited visibility should be most carefully agreed. The interaction organized by the head of the unit at the point of deployment, upon arrival in the area of \u200b\u200bthe operations of the divisions is specified. All changes, add-ons made on the ground are applied to the map.
Of great importance in the specialization of the operation has training personnel. Preparation includes:
Selection and equipment of personnel
Preparation of weapons, ammunition, equipment, uniforms, food, transport, means
Communication, special means, service dogs
Instructing personnel.
If there is time and if the operational situation allows, workouts can be carried out on the area approximate to the one on which operations will be carried out. The concentration of forces and means in the area of \u200b\u200bthe operation is carried out secretly, mostly at night or in conditions of limited visibility, according to certain routes. The initial positions (blocking blocking, location) are engaged, as a rule, with the go. If it is impossible to entry to the initial positions on cars, the area of \u200b\u200bthe hurry is appointed, from which groups without delay are put forward in footing on the positions intended for them. Regardless of the way of movement, the personnel must arrive in the designated area in a timely manner in full combat readiness.
All stages of preparation and conducting a special operation smoothly leak one of the other. It is impossible to give explicit priorities, any of the steps of operations, it is impossible to underestimate the work of each group involved at all stages of a special operation.
The composition of the grouping of forces and means attracted to the preparation of special
Attracting forces and means of internal affairs bodies, which are in direct subordination, is carried out in case of circumstances that reasonably require a special operation and is issued by the order of the head of the internal affairs authority, whose competence includes the need to respond to a specific emergency. Forces and means of neighboring and interacting internal affairs bodies (territorial, in transport, etc.) are attracted on the basis of previously developed interaction plans, strength and means of operational reserves are used only by solving senior operational bosses, which are subject to these forces and funds.
The selection of employees and servicemen to participate in special operations is carried out by the heads of the internal affairs bodies and the commander of the compounds (parts) of the internal troops.
The composition of the grouping of forces involved in conducting special emergency operations:
Operational headquarters (management group) (OSH; g
Communication (G CO)
Intelligence (WG)
Interaction with the media (GVSMI)
Negotiating (GVP)
Investigative-operational (SN)
Documentation (dock)
Search (PG)
Expert and criminalistic (ECG)
Cleaning (G, OC)
Blocking (g block)
Evacuation (r evac)
Decommission (Roll)
Dispersal (RSR)
Applications of special means (g oops c)
Cover (G PR)
Capture (seizure) (GZ or GIZ)
Convocation (maintenance) (K conv or r
Reviews with detainees (Ra)
Protection of objects (Mr. OKR)
Patrolling (r)
Road regulation (rd)
Fire extinguishing and priorist rescue work (g PS)
Elimination of the threat of explosions (Mr LUV)
Rear support (GT)
Material and Technical Support (GMT)
Medical support (GMO)
Organization of assistance to victims (Gopp)
Reserve (RZ).
According to the tasks being performed, these groups can be combined into larger groups:
Management groups are intended for training, organizing the implementation of the decision-making of the Operator (OSH) and control over the implementation of decisions and the course of a special operation in general, the organization and control of activities upon completion of the operation;
Groupody Globes Supported Melted Calloforming
designed for the insulation of the area of \u200b\u200bthe operation in order to prevent in it and evacuation of foreign citizens, restrictions on the actions of the enemy, reveaving its access to particularly important objects and districts, as well as creating favorable conditions for the operation;
Groups for power actions are intended to suppress resistance, detention or elimination of criminals for the power of weapons;
Of investigative actions are intended for fixation, identifying and securing traces of crime and their preliminary research;
Support groups are intended for combat, rear and technical support for the formations in conducting special operations;
The reserve is designed to solve suddenly arising tasks.
To the means applied in special operations include:
Weapons and special means;
Operational criminalistic, special technique; Means of communication;
Vehicles; Walking dogs; Combat and special technique;
Special means and means of engineering weapons of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
The number and composition of groups involved in the actions in case of emergency is determined by the boss
By the number and quality of attracted forces and means, methods of their application, special operations deserve a separate study in theory and practice of law enforcement.
The work of the ATS in emergency conditions requires knowledge of issues on the basics of organizing and conducting special operations, increased mobilization of personnel, creating a reliable management system by all forces and means involved in conducting an operation.
Planning ACF actions with emergency circumstances
At the present stage, when the criminals have modern weapons, special means and perfectly technically equipped, issues of preparation for special operations and the organization of the algorithm for conducting them to be put in the first place.
Planning gives the activities of the internal affairs bodies of a targeted nature, contributes to the timeliness of solving the most complex and urgent tasks, determines the ways and means of achieving the goal, creates the conditions of the most efficient and complete use of forces, tools and time, the possibility of timely maneuver by forces and means, makes it possible to more clearly interact Different services and departments.
Basics of planning the actions of the internal affairs bodies and internal troops under emergency circumstances and in military time
Basic principles of planning:
legality; scientific relationship; systemability;
focus and continuity.
The main task of planningit is the distribution of forces and means in place, time, effective and consistently applied to achieve the ultimate goal.
The main tasks of planning can be considered:
1. Reducing the timing of the cause of forces and funds to various degrees of combat readiness;
2. Improving the preparation of personnel to action in various conditions of the situation;
3. Increasing the reality of planned activities;
4. Achieving a clearer organization for comprehensive implementation of the action;
5. Developing activities on more efficient use of forces and means for performing the tasks.
Requirements for planning
Plans are developed in the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Central Internal Affairs Directorate of the Division of the Russian Federation, the Department of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Department of Internal Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation of Russia, Educational Institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Gorzhalinorgans of the Interior.
Plans of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, GUVD, ATC of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation:
are developed in accordance with regulatory acts and accounting of tasks performed;
signed by the head of the staff unit (or units performing its functions);
consistent with the leaders of the operational headquarters in the subjects of the Russian Federation, the commander of the compounds (military units) of the internal troops and in part of them are submitted to coordinate with the commander of the compounds (military units) of the Russian Federation of Russia, other troops and military formations, heads of federal executive bodies or their territorial bodies, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments;
approved by the relevant leaders of the ATS.
Plans of Gorzhalinorganov, as well as divisions, directly subordinate ARDRO:
are developed in accordance with the provisions of this instruction on the basis of the Plan of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Central Internal Affairs Directorate, the Department of Internal Affairs, WTDT,
signed by the head of the internal affairs authority; Coordinate with commander of military units of the internal troops
and in part, they are concerned about coordination with the commander of the compounds (military units) of the Ministry of Defense of Russia, other troops and military formations, heads of the territorial bodies of the state and executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local governments.
Plans of Gorzhalinorganov, as well as units directly subordinate ARDRO, are approved by the leaders of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Central Internal Affairs Directorate, the Department of Internal Affairs, WvDT, (OWDT) of the WDD.
Calculations of the forces and means attracted to the Action Action, in the areas of activity, are submitted to the structural divisions of the central office of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
In the management of the material and technical supply of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, calculations on the rear and technical support of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Central Internal Affairs Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs are summarized, the police department of the Department of Internal Affairs
allocation and replenishment of operational reserves of material means (within the established standards of marked) necessary to perform tasks in cho.
The procedure for the use of internal troops under Cho is determined by the commander-in-chief of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
The development of the plan is organized personally by the head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Central Internal Affairs Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Central Internal Affairs Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Department of Internal Affairs, Department of Internal Affairs of the Internal Affairs Center, the educational institution of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Gorzhalinorgan in the Interior.
The organization of work on the development of the plan is carried out on the basis of the order of the leader of the ATS. The order indicates the composition of the development team, the procedure and timing of the provision of the plan for approval.
Before approving the plan, it is being studied by deputies of the relevant leader, heads of departments (departments, offices) and structural units with subsequent hearing of their reports and reports of heads of subordinate bodies of internal affairs (commanders, bosses) with the substantiation of decisions made and made settlements. In the absence of shortcomings, the plan is approved and comes into force. If there are significant drawbacks, its refinement is organized.
The plan is agreed with the leaders (commander) of all interactive bodies, other interested parties and reports on approval. It is forbidden to sign and approve the plan to persons performing (temporarily executing) the responsibilities of those managers (commanders, bosses), to whom this right is provided by regulatory and legal acts, except for the execution of responsibilities for the vacant position.
Extracts from the plan of higher internal affairs bodies are sent to the subordinate bodies of the internal affairs and educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in terms of them relating to them, as well as in the division of the internal affairs bodies on their own not developing an action plan and in compounds and military units of internal troops.
The discharge indicates:
Objectives, which are attracted to the authority of the internal affairs, the compound, military unit, military-educational institutions of the internal troops;
Attracted forces and means and their composition and number; The tasks of which need to focus the main efforts;
The procedure for ensuring the actions of the internal affairs bodies and attached
Organization of interaction, management and communication.
Plans adjustment is carried out:
after the publication of new regulatory legal acts of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in terms of CEC;
when changing the organizational and staff structure, the standards of weapons, technicians and material resources in Gorzhalinorganans, military units, educational institutions;
with sharp changes in the operational situation;
when changing the nomination routes, locations of the deployment points, internal affairs bodies, military units, institutions, warehouses, supply bases with material means;
after identifying deficiencies in the course of inspection, control checks, complex and target trips, staff training, command-staff and tactical (tactical and special) teachings.
In all cases, the Plan's adjustment sheet is made in connection with which changes are made indicating the date, position and surname of the Contractor.
The clarification of the plans is fully produced at special occupations (staff training) under the leadership of the head of the internal affairs body, for which the plan of the main organizational events of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Central Internal Affairs Directorate, Department of Internal Affairs, ATDR, the Educational Institution of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, the work plan of Gorzhalinorgana provides for the necessary time.
For the state of the plan and its storage, the head of the staff division is responsible, which determines the procedure for using them. The Action Plan is stored, as a rule, in the premises of the duty unit in the safe for secret documents.
The development of plans is carried out in advance, on the basis of a real situation that may arise in the service area, using modern methods of scientific forecasting. Planning is carried out at each level of control of the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia under the direct guidance of the main leader. The development is involved in the range of officials of the relevant authority.
Plans documents are performed textually and graphically with the application to them necessary calculation data, which reflect information about the status of the real and projected environment.
The degree of detailing of the plan's documents is determined by the head of the internal affairs body, based on the scale and nature of the tasks being solved.
All plans for their content should be extremely clear, brief, visual, format and design - convenient for work.
wERITively disposable spacelords. There is an arrangement of gamry, one melted gap canodine gaps, graphically, should be worked out on maps and diagrams.
Development of plans is carried out on the basis of orders and directives of the Minister of Internal Affairs of Russia, in which specific tasks assigned to the internal affairs bodies and internal troops under emergency circumstances and in wartime.
The development of special plans is preceded by a thorough study of the relevant orders, directives and guidelines, source data, operational situation and evaluating the existing forces and means for performing the tasks. The basis for the development of plans is the decision of the head of the internal affairs body, which is adopted after clarification of the nature and the volume of tasks assigned to the internal affairs authority in special conditions.
To assess the situation, developing solutions and the formation of plan documents, the analysis, analysis and generalization of the source data reflecting the operational situation at the serviced territory, its possible changes associated with specific circumstances are preparing the forecast of a possible stop and its development is analyzed by the accumulated experience, the impact of decision-making options ATS on the use of forces and means, issues of comprehensive support, the procedure for managing forces and means and their interaction.
The initial data is mined by studying, forecasting the operational situation, as well as receiving (claims) from other internal affairs bodies, Ministry of Emergency Situations, FSB, MO, Public Administration and other interacting institutions and departments.
For planning it is necessary to have such source data: tasks assigned to the ATS in emergency conditions and in wartime; Characteristics of ATS (territory, number, equipment, moral and psychological state of personnel), probability; climatic and meteorological conditions; data on the terrain, population, operational situation in the territory; potentially dangerous objects and their characteristics; protected objects; zones of possible earthquakes and floods; Possible zones of infection (pollution) and other necessary data.
The development of the plan can be divided into three stages:
First stageit is a preparatory nature - the creation of a working group, a collection, generalization and evaluation of the source data, which may influence the activities of the ATS, geographical, environmental, sanitary
epidemiological characteristics of the region, demographic data on the composition of the population, strength and means of the ATS and interacting bodies, the presence and condition of transport, technical means, means of protection and other material resources used in the interests of the ATS, the management system in the Republic, the region, region, district, city etc.
Second phase- related to the practical development and registration of documents of the plan.
Third stage- Coordination of the sections of the plan among themselves and with plans of higher governing bodies, revision, approval and management of the plan to performers.
Plans are signed by the headquarters headquarters and are approved by the head of the relevant internal affairs authority. After approval, special plans acquire legal force and measures envisaged in it become binding on all officials. In order to ensure a permanent combat readiness of forces and funds, the developed plans must be adjusted in a timely manner.
The adjustment time is set by the appropriate orders for each type of plan, as well as as necessary:
The ratio of the gaming indemnodine gaming of the glowplains, one glowsteepodine intersecting the spacecraft is determined by orders, as for example, the number of plans for wartime should be in the number of control points and duplicating organs. Znowod, the intelligence tasks of planning issues, the algorithm for conducting the steps of a special operations to reduce the dates for the preparation and maintenance of the arrangement of the glow operational arrangement of the gaming of the gamorodin spacedrodin
makeup, weapons and equipment.
The plan developed in advance will be the basis for making a decision by the head of the operational headquarters for conducting a special operation.
Features of developing plans for wartime
Before the state in wartime, a complex task will rise not only in the reflection of the massive impact of all types of weapons, but also opposition to the forces of the special purpose of the enemy in the deep rear of the country. To protect the objects of the rear and the rear of the country as a whole, a system of military and national events is created. This system of events includes such concepts as civil defense and territorial defense.
Civil Defense is a system of national events carried out in peaceful and wartime, in order to protect
the population and national economy of the state from the consequences of major accidents, disaster, natural disasters and the impact of modern means of defeat.
Territorial defense is an integral part of military and national defense activities carried out in order to protect sections of the state border, important facilities and communications on the territory of the Russian Federation on the actions of the enemy, sabotage and terrorist acts, as well as establishing and maintaining a military (siege) regime.
To perform tasks in the internal affairs authorities, a whole range of planning documents is developed in wartime. Features of the development of some of them will be discussed in this matter.
The Civil Defense Plan of the Object and Hroves in wartime determines the organization and procedure for transferring civil defense with peaceful to martial law, ensuring the vital activity of employees of the object and their families in the conditions of civil defense in the initial period of war and in wartime.
The plan of the object and Groved for wartime consists of textual part and applications.
The text part of the plan includes three sections:
1. Evaluation of the expected setting after an opponent's attack.
2. Implementation of civil defense measures when they are planned,
3. Implementation of civil defense measures in the sudden attack of the enemy.
The text part of the object's plan is developed for documents in the form of applications, the main of which are:
1. Calendar plan for performing the main activities of the go when translating an object for wartime.
2. Plan for the protection of employees, workers and employees and the organization of rescue and other urgent works.
3. Calculation of the coverage of employees, workers and employees in protective facilities at the facility .
4. Calculation of evacuation.
5. The composition of the forces and means of civil defense of the object.
6. Calculation of employee security, workers and employees of individual protection
7. Control scheme, communication, object alerts (in working and not working time).
8. Plan-schedule of increasing activities to increase the stability of the object in wartime.
Additionally, various reference documents can be developed.
To fulfill the tasks of territorial defense, the internal affairs bodies and internal troops develop a plan for the participation of the internal affairs bodies and internal troops in the tasks of territorial defense.
Such a plan is developed on the map with an explanatory note on the basis of an extract from the plan of the territorial defense of the Military District.
The map displays:
Points of permanent dislocation, areas of location (dislocation) of internal affairs bodies, parts of internal troops.
Points of permanent dislocation, areas of location of parts of the Armed Forces.
Protected by the internal affairs bodies, parts of the internal troops.
Location (dislocation) of the Federal Security Service.
Stations (airports, ports, pier) loading (unloading), extending routes to them.
The location of the objects of nuclear energy, objects with nuclear installations, chemically hazardous industrial facilities.
Possible areas (objects, directions) of actions of sabotage-intelligence groups of the enemy.
The explanatory note indicates the calculations of the forces and means of the organs of the internal, parts of the internal troops, interacting organs in the tasks of territorial defense.
The plan is signed by the head of the internal affairs body and is consistent:
In the Ministry of Internal Affairs (ATC,) of the Republic (edges), with the Military District. In the Department of Internal Affairs of the region, with regional military commissariats.
In zones (areas) of territorial defense to planning, plenipotentiary representatives of state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local governments, bodies of the Federal Security Service and Territorial Bodies of Internal Affairs, as well as representatives of compounds, military units and institutions, and in the interests of which are allocated Forces and means for conducting territorial defense.
At all, under a special operation It is understood as a set of measures of preventive, intelligence, operational nature, investigative-criminalistic, regime, and power actions carried out according to a single plan, under a single manual, at a predetermined place and in a consistent time.
Special operation may include the following activities: in blocking, on cloak, by searching, power, psychological impact and evacuation. Each of these events is one of the degree or another when detention of armed criminals in public places, but with features for this type of special operation. The extensive success depends on the degree of training every event, and it is here that the actions of the manager will play a decisive role. Therefore, we consider it necessary to pay attention to the preparatory stage of the operation and give some explanations.
Regardless of the place of detention armed criminals Head of a special operation organizes:
1) blocking the place of detention of armed criminals;
2) operational search activities;
3) regime measures in the area of \u200b\u200bdetention of armed criminals in order to remove citizens from this area, which were at the place of detention of armed criminals due to a random coincidence, and to create favorable conditions for detention;
4) strengthening the protection of public order and the protection of important and especially important objects in the blocked area;
5) the calculation of the forces and means necessary for conducting a special operation on the detention of armed criminals;
6) creation of capture, cover, blocking, reserve, etc.;
7) the creation of support groups (rear, medical, etc.);
8) Intelligence: Preliminary (country reconnaissance) and immediate (searches of detention sites);
9) an indicative assessment of situations of psychological and physical confrontation with criminals and forcing them to surrender;
10) the development of a plan for a special operation in shelter, in a vehicle, in a public place, on the ground;
11) management of the implementation of a special operation plan;
12) managing training personnel in conditions as close as possible to real, if there are time and necessity;
13) Psychological impact on the personnel, the creation of the need for the necessary psychological attitude.
One of the most important elements of preparation is to develop an action plan for detention. Taking into account the specifics of our work theme, it should include the following sections:
Who and on what basis is to be delayed (indicating, if possible, personal data, the description of appearance and clothing, weapons, the type of criminal activity);
The location of criminals;
Time and ways of detention;
The structure and quantitative composition of groups involved in events;
Distribution of forces and means intended for detention;
The order and sequence of actions of employees of groups;
Equipment, technical equipment, weapons, lighting and vehicles;
Communication organization circuit, ways to maintain communication with divisions, signals (symbols), passwords;
Evacuation and other security measures (if necessary);
The order and routes of delivered detainees to the internal affairs body;
Other data: location of the group leader, method
convation of detainees, measures taken in the event of a breakthrough of criminals through the line of blocking.
From the thoroughness of the development of this plan will generally depend on the success of the events. At the same time, an active role should be given to the head of a special operation, since it is precisely for him that it is responsible for its successful conduct.
If armed criminals are delayed in public places, the following tactical methods of action can be used: blocking, detention, searching, suppressing criminals, ambush, pursuit. The choice of this or that way of action will depend on the specifics of the site of a special operation. Before proceeding to the consideration of the tactics of action of the main groups of operational and officials and the outfits, it is necessary to give a general idea of \u200b\u200beach tactical method of action. This will fully imagine the procedure for holding a special operation and the role of each division.
Blocking - Tactical method of action designed to isolation of the area of \u200b\u200bthe special operation. The main outfits used in blocking are: barrier, checkpoint, watch, secret, reserve, patrol. The main task of these outfits is to prevent the release of criminals outside the area of \u200b\u200bthe special operation and ensuring their detention, and in case of impossibility of detention, liquidation. When blocking in case of detention of armed criminals, only some outfits will be used depending on the nature features.
Next Tactical Method of Action -this is a search which provides for actions to detect, detention or eliminate criminals in the area of \u200b\u200btheir likely location. The role of this method of action is fundamentally important, as it is quite often necessary to first find criminals, and then make detention either by their own or by the forces of specially created combat groups. The search group will depend on the number of criminals, the nature of the terrain, the size and characteristics of the area in which the search will be conducted. The search can be both solid and selective. Solid search applies in cases where there are no accurate data on the location of criminals, and there is a sufficient amount of forces and means. Selective search includes the following ways: 1) on objects; 2) in directions; 3) by plots. The selection of the search method will be determined individually in each special operation, depending on the conditions. Subsequently, this method of action, not depending on its importance, there will be no treatment in our work, since the specificity of the chosen topic suggests that the emphasis will be made to the actions on the detention of criminals.
Next, it is necessary to consider such a tactical way of action as suppression of the criminal. It consists in carrying out activities aimed at suppressing a criminal through psychological impact. For this purpose, the distraction of the criminal, demonstration of force can be applied. An example is the creation of two groups of detention, one of which is "fake", which allows you to introduce a misleading a criminal and promptly make it detained. Either this can be an increase in the number of outfits serving the service in public places where a special operation is carried out. The use of these techniques creates psychological stress from the criminal, makes it makes mistakes. In general, the application of this method of action makes it easier to carry out a special operation, avoid unnecessary victims among the population and employees of the ATS. But the success of its use will be entirely dependent on the well-coordinated work of interacting units.
The pursuit - Another tactical way of action that can be applied during a special search and detention of armed criminals. It is intended for the relenting movement of the division for the criminal trying to hide, with the aim of his detention or liquidation of the prosecution.
Several types of persecution can be distinguished:
1) on hot pixels;
2) directly;
3) in the direction.
Their essence is as follows: with direct persecution, the ATS staff has visual contact with the criminal; When pursuing the hot swords, there are visible signs of crime and traces of criminals; When pursued in the direction there is only a direction in which the criminal disappeared. This tactical method of action is directly related to the topic we are considering, as it may be necessary to delay the criminal in a public place immediately after the prosecution group is overtaken.
And finally, it's time to consider such a tactical wayas detention Due to the fact that it is with him that the achievement of the objectives of the special operation is connected. The success of other events held will depend on the quality and speed of the detention. This circumstance led to the choice of the topic of our work. In the future, we will consider questions about which groupings of forces and funds are created when detention, and what is the tactics of the Capture Group. The last question will be reviewed in relation to the detention carried out in such public places as the market, Square, airport.
In conclusion of this section, it can be concluded that when conducting a special operation, each of the considered tactical methods of action is of great importance, and without a thorough organization of each of them, it is doomed to failure. For this, all the events held must be carefully planned, for which the competent management of the special operation is necessary, attracting only experienced and proven employees to participate in it, permanent personnel training.
Special operations are carried out using the following major tactical methods of actions: protection, patrolling, blocking, surroundings, clothing, seizure, dispersal, persecution, search, demonstration actions, accompaniment, conventionation, capture, cover.
Protection - Complex of operational and service, service-combat, regime, engineering and other events conducted by the forces and means in order to ensure the safety of objects.
Patrol -the actions of the attracted forces on the protection of public order and providing public security on the streets and in other public places of cities and other settlements by carrying patrol service.
Blocking -the actions of the forces on the insulation of the area of \u200b\u200bthe terrain (district, city, town or part of them) of the intended location of the offenders or the overlapping of the most likely directions for the release of offenders beyond the isolated area of \u200b\u200bthe area (district, city, settlement or part of them), blocking also implies an unaccepting or limitation Admission to an isolated area of \u200b\u200bunauthorized persons. Blocking can be solid (continuous), selective (in directions), in one or more rubles (internal and external).
Surroundings -action on isolation of the mass events, a special operation, the emergence of mass riots, fire, explosion, accidents and when providing regime-quarantine events.
Seizure -the actions of the forces on the seizure of offenders or the most active participants in mass riots in the crowd.
Dispersal -the actions of the forces on the separation of participants in the mass riots into parts and displacing them from the occupied territory.
Crowding out -actions for the liberation of the area of \u200b\u200bthe special operation from citizens in order to restore public order.
The pursuit -unfreal movement of divisions (outfits), individual police officers or servicemen behind people who fled from under the protection of the outfit, with the aim of their detention. Pursuit may be directly and in the footsteps.
Search -the actions of the forces aimed at finding a desired object with a view to capturing or eliminating, as well as to detect and withdraw the subjects belonging to criminals (offenders), which can serve as instruments of committing crimes or real evidence. The search can be solid or selective.
By ways of keeping, the search is divided into one-sided, bilateral, in directions, sites (objects) and combined.
Support- The actions of the crews of patrol car traffic police, operational (patrol) cars or divisions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia to ensure the safe passage of special-purpose vehicles or the passage of columns (echelons) with people and cargoes.
Convation -the actions of the forces on the maintenance of persons taken into custody in the established places of collection.
Capture -the actions of the forces on the storm of the location of armed offenders, their detention, and with active resistance \u003d their elimination.
Cover -actions to ensure the task of the task of the capture group (seizure), support for its fire, special means.
Inspection -the actions of the forces on the inspection of objects, vehicles in order to detect the wanted criminals, the withdrawal of illegally stored (transported) weapons, ammunition, explosives, drugs and other objects prohibited in civil circulation and substances.
Under the reflection of armed attacks on protected facilities, participation in the elimination of illegal armed formations by divisions and dresses may also apply the overall tactical ways established by the relevant combat charters of the Armed Forces of Russia.
The main form of tactical actions of the personnel involved in the tasks in the areas of armed conflict, the only means of achieving victory in an armed collision with an opponent (criminals) will be a fight.
During the battle, continuous exploration is required, the skillful application of weapons, techniques, protection and disguise, high mobility and organization, full voltage of all moral and physical forces, adamant will to victory, iron discipline and combat cohesion.
Depending on the conditions of the operational situation, the composition and nature of the actions of criminals (offenders), the availability of forces and means and nature of the CO terrain will be carried out in various ways. Under the method of conducting so It is understood as the procedure for the use of forces and funds attracted by CE, in order to perform the tasks.
The main methods of CO are:
CO, conducted by searching in a blocked area;
CO, conducted by searching in a non-disconnected area;
CO, conducted by the environment (assault);
CO, conducted by the method of ambushes.
Search in a blocked area -the method of conducting CO, which consists in the actions of forces and funds aimed at detecting, detention or eliminating criminals, detecting and withdrawing objects belonging to them in a blocked area.
The main tactical methods of action in CO are: blocking and searching. In addition, it can be applied: patrolling, environment, persecution, demonstrative actions, conventionation, capture, cover, etc.
Features of the search method in the blocked area are:
CO is carried out in the presence of incomplete data on the likely area of \u200b\u200bfinding criminals;
There is a sufficient amount of forces and means for both blocking and to search;
The blocking of the CO region, as a rule, is solid, which eliminates the possibility of the care of criminals from the operation area and ensures successful search, but force attracted to blocking and means is not actively actively and has not been directly influenced by criminals. In the presence of difficult areas of terrain (cliffs, gorges, water obstacles), selective blocking is used;
Used continuous search (one-sided or bilateral).
Management (OSH);
Group of operational and service and combat applications: search, blocking, negotiating, exploration, capture, cover and applying special means, separation, conventionation, investigative and operational, documentation of criminal actions, rear and technical support, reserve.
Maintaining a search method in a blocked area provides:
1. Advance of the grouping of forces and means in the original area.
The extension is held secretly, according to predetermined routes in compliance with the rules of hiking. When arranged in the original area to eliminate the sudden attack of criminals, watchdogs and direct protection are organized.
Source Area:
It is assigned in one two kilometers from the area of \u200b\u200bthe operation so that the groups can get out of it to the frontiers mentioned by him in 15-20 minutes;
Must ensure the hidden location of the group of forces and means;
Must have comfortable and hidden ways out of groups on the original frontiers.
In the source area, the elements of operational construction (groups) are specified by the tasks, the locality exploration is determined, the nomination routes on the line of blocking are determined and refineed to search.
When the appointment of the source area is impossible or inappropriate, the elements of the operational construction are in the area of \u200b\u200bthe CO, they are deployed and the references indicated by them occupy from the go.
2. Lessoning block blocking blocking.
The blocking group should isolate the area of \u200b\u200bthe CO, to remember the exit of criminals beyond its limits, ensure their detention and elimination.
Isolation of the area of \u200b\u200bCO is carried out by falling. Locking Lock All barriers should take simultaneously. Solelons indicate the observation bar and fire. The barriers are located separate outfits (observation posts, doses, patrols, reserves).
With access on the line of blocking:
Refer to the tasks;
There is a connection between the assfill and with the VPU (auxiliary control point) of the operation manager;
Fire and observation system is organized;
Refine issues of interaction within the blocking group and with a search group;
CPP are installed;
The blocking group control is deployed.
The barrier in the composition (10 people) provides tasks at the turn of up to 250 m (on the closed area), up to 500 m (open area), as part of the platoon (25-30 people) - up to 750 m (closed terrain) and up to 1500 m (open area).
When detecting criminals, the barrier organizes its detention on its own or in cooperation with other outfits.
In the event of a breakthrough of criminals, the sales service does not stop, the persecution and detention of criminals forces of the reserve is organized.
The search group at this time is in the source area in readiness to solve problems depending on the situation.
3. Check out the starting line.
The search group occupies the source line with the completion of blocking. With access to the original frontier:
On the ground the task obtained is specified;
Refine issues of interaction;
Action is organized;
Azimuts and movement directions are determined;
Communication with a blocking group and operation manager.
The remaining groups (investigative, negotiating, capturing, covering, the use of special means, etc.) are located in these areas, are put forward to the specified positions and frontiers.
By the readiness of groups to perform tasks (to the specified time), the leaders of the Radio Group report to the head of the operation.
4. Search for search.
The search starts on the installed signal or command
by search groups (GHG).
If the search is unilateral, it is carried out by simultaneously movement of individual groups in one direction within the bands assignable to them. Bilateral search is carried out by counter traffic search groups within the bands assigned to them.
GHG in the composition of the department is searching, having a search strip - on the front up to 100 m, platoon - up to 300 m. Search pace 1-2 km / h.
PG performs the tasks to build a personnel in the chain.
For exploration and prevent a sudden attack of criminals from ambushes ahead of search teams and warehouses are sent to the flanks to remove the surveillance and support of fire.
The search group reserve is moving at the most dangerous directions.
For departments leading search, appointed: Source District, Source Rubber, Searchingline, Different Lines, Equal Lights, List of Meetings (with bilateral search), the final border.
The groups of environments, separation, capture, cover and applying special means are moved behind the search groups on the removal of the Special Operation Manager.
In the event that no detection of criminals when leaving the final border (border meetings), the search continues in the opposite direction.
5. Detection of criminals, capture or destruction.
When detecting criminals, the integrity of the search circuit is not violated, the detention or elimination of criminals is carried out by the forces and means of the head of the CO or, upon his order, the reserves of the search group. For the period of detention of criminals, the search is suspended, if necessary - renewed again.
The operation is completed by the inspection of the detected covers of the shelter, routes of movement, waste ways to identify and detention (disguised) criminals, withdrawing weapons, ammunition and other property, as well as for the documentation and production of investigative activities.
The grouping of forces and funds is excreted from the area of \u200b\u200boperation to the area of \u200b\u200bconcentration, where the presence of personnel, weapons, ammunition, property, vehicles is being checked, the operation is discussed and the senior boss is submitted.
Search in a unlocked area -the method of conducting CO, which consists in the actions of forces and funds aimed at detecting, detention or eliminating criminals, detecting and withdrawing items belonging to them in a non-disconnected area.
The main tactical way of action in CO - search. In addition, it can be used: blocking, environment, patrolling, persecution, conventionation, capture, cover, inspection, etc.
The characteristics of the search in a non-disclocked area are:
CO is carried out in the presence of data on the likely area of \u200b\u200bfinding criminals;
The number of forces and means to carry out insufficient;
A selective search is used (usually unilateral), i.e. Not all terrain or locality, but only certain sections of the search area, individual directions, part of the settlement (search in directions, by plots, on objects, combined search);
In the directions of the likely waste of criminals it is possible to exhibit individual outfits: barriers, ambushes, secrets.
To conduct actions in with the attached grouping of forces and means may have the following operational construction:
Management (OSH);
Group of operational and service and combat applications: search, blocking, negotiation, intelligence, seizure, cover and applying specials, disposal, conjunction, investigative, operational, documentation of criminal actions, rear and technical support, reserve.
Keeping with the search method in a non-discontinued area provides:
1. Nomination of the grouping of forces and funds into the source district;
2. Occupation of the original frontier for search (possibly from the go, after making a march from the points of permanent deployment).
3. Search search:
a) When searching for individual destinations (when the terrain is hard to reach, the movement of criminals and search groups is possible only in separate areas) by search groups are assigned: the source line for searching, the direction and width of the search band, the search pace, the final turn of the search. Search groups can act in a hiking order in the branch line.
b) when searching for sections (when the simultaneous inspection of the entire area is excluded), the search groups are assigned: the source line for searching, the search area (plot) of the search, the pace of search, the final line. The search group operates in the chain, having hiking and reserve.
c) When searching for objects (when separate houses, buildings, buildings in settlements) are assigned to search groups: the source line for search, search objects, the pace of search, the final line.
When the places of storage of weapons, ammunition, explosives: reports on the team; It is organized for the protection of the place of storage of weapons, ammunition or explosives; The storage location is checked for mining; When stretching or homemade explosives are detected, they are undermined.
When detecting criminals: the surroundings of criminals are made; Negotiation; If negotiations did not give a positive result, after applying the overwhelming fire and special means, criminals or destruction are captured.
Surroundings -the method of conducting CO, which consists in the actions of forces and means to delay or eliminate criminals in cases where there are reliable data on their location.
If criminals are located in hard-to-reach shelters and the actions of the assault group are needed for their detention, then this method of CO is called storm.
The main tactical methods of action in CO are: environment and capture. In addition, it is applied: patrolling, cordon, demonstrative actions, persecution, conventionation, cover, inspection, etc.
The features of the environment with the way of surroundings or assault are:
CO is carried out in the presence of data on the exact location of criminals;
When conducting CO in settlements, the population is evacuated for safe distances;
The environment can be carried out during the search;
To conduct action in with the attached grouping of forces and means, has the following operational construction:
Management (OSH);
Group of operational and service and combat use: environment, negotiation, assault or seizure, cover and applying special means, cocution, separation, conjunction, investigative, operational, documentation of criminal actions, rear or technical support, reserve.
Maintaining with the way of surroundings or assault provides:
1. Occupation of a group of environment of the designated turn.
2. Negotiating with criminals.
3. Capture or destruction of criminals.
In the event of a refusal of armed criminals, folded weapons and surrender, an assault group or a group of capture, after applying special means, penetrates the shelter to capture or destruction.
Ambush -method for CO, consisting in the actions of forces and means byin advance and hidden location in a predefined place for a sudden attack on criminals for the purpose of capturing or destruction.
The main tactical methods of action in CO are: observation and capture. The peculiarities of conducting the ambush method are:
The ambush is organized in the presence of accurate data on the time and place of the appearance of criminals, in the places of the most likely their appearance or on the paths of the likely movement;
The area for the ambush device should provide: good viewing of the approach to the place of ambush, the secrecy of the location of the personnel, the convenience of fire, suddenness of the attack;
The ambush is appointed the most experienced employees who have excerpts, courage and good physical training;
The number of ambes depends on the number of criminals, their social danger, the nature of the tasks and may be to the company.
For conducting actions in CO, the following operational construction is created:
Control;
Group of operational and service and combat use (observation, capture, cover, fire, reserve).
Keeping with the method of ambushes provides:
1. The output of the elements of operational construction to the place of ambush.
2. The location of employees in places of completion of tasks (for divisions - the occupation of the original frontiers and positions).
3. Observation of the approaches to ambush.
4. Detention of criminals or destruction.
When detecting criminals: the observers of the established signal report this to the head of the CO; Missing criminals to the basic forces of the ambush and continue to monitor them.
A group of operational and service and combat applications should be placed in such a way that: criminals hit an inlet bag and have been subjected to a simultaneous fire attack from the front and flanks or a sudden, rapid, if possible (if necessary), silent detention.
In this way:
1. Special operations are carried out under conditions of a sharp complication of the operational situation when it requires a set of decisive and rapid measures to normalize with the help of various forces and means.
2. Special operations are divided as:
With the "hot footprints" conducted during the disclosure; With conducted by structural departments of the ATS;
Large-scale operational and prophylactic comprehensive CO;
Special operations when cho;
Co with the tasks of territorial defense in wartime.
3. Special operations are classified by the level of management of forces and means, in the form of expression and maintenance of operational and service and combat missions, for the duration, according to an administrative-territorial basis, according to the composition of the attracted forces and means and their numbers.
4. Special operations are carried out in three stages. For their maintenance, the head of a special operation is appointed. The main authority will be an operational headquarters.
5. Successful conducting special operations conducted by the ATS at Cho are achieved:
The presence of a predetermined OWD action plan with CE;
Setting a specific task to each employee acting in CO;
Clear actions of each employee in a complex setting;
Trouble-free operation of all means of communication and other technical means;
Skillful, decisive and cold-blooded actions of the head of the operation;
Immoccuous performing discipline and high professional training of the entire personnel.
Only deep knowledge of the volume of issues of the preparation of the Department of ATS, the procedure for organizing and conducting actions in CO will allow the head of the ATS to make the right decisions and apply expedient ways of action in complicing the operational situation.
The most important place in the activities of the ATS on the restoration of public security in the emergencies occupy special operations.
The organization and maintenance of operation by the personal composition of the Intection is the most complex form of combat missions. The operation always involves a significant amount of forces and funds in different directions. They solve unequal tasks, but with a single goal - to restore public security, therefore each operation requires the leader and the entire personnel of large moral and physical costs, a clear organization, well-established communication and interaction.
ATS conducted special operations independently or together with divisions of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
Operations are characterized by certain features, To which include:
- ? big spatial scope;
- ? a significant amount of forces used and a variety of organizations and areas of activity;
- ? a single intention and diversity of events and methods of military (tactical) actions;
- ? High dynamism, maneuverability and efficiency, single control, etc.
Special operation- A combination of special events agreed at the goal, place and time of special events and military (tactical) actions conducted in an emergency situation in order to ensure (recovery) of public security.
TO special events include:
i organizational - a change in the mode of operation of enterprises, institutions, organizations and transport aimed at ensuring public safety;
- ? Regime - they are to restrict or renew free entry (entry) to the area of \u200b\u200boperation and departure (exit) from it, movements in the zone of possible damage to foreign citizens, vehicles, etc. They are held in order to create favorable conditions for the actions of the military forces;
- ? Operational - events that are not tolerating the action of the ATS, which are held in order to determine the number of criminals (groups), the nature of their actions, identify the intentions of criminals, their weapons, equipment and tactics of action, links, establishing places of shelter, detecting hostages (number, location , protection, treatment, etc.), the declination of criminals to voluntary surrender, misleading criminals regarding the intentions of the Department of Internal Affairs and obtaining other data necessary to assess the situation during the operation and adopt informed decisions on its implementation;
- ? Investigative - a set of actions held in order to identify the personality of criminals, the number and quality of their weapons, their locations, related and other connections;
- ? Preventive - Activities aimed at preventing possible criminal actions, as well as eliminating the causes and conditions that led to crimes that caused a wide public resonance;
- ? Explanatory - Enclosed by local residents of the Evda of Action, the public danger of armed criminals, the roles that citizens can play in this operation. To do this, use the media and direct work in labor collectives and at the place of residence of citizens;
- ? evacuation;
- ? Fire extinguishing, etc.
For each type and method of a special operation inherent in its combination of special events and tactical actions, as well as the sequence of their conduct. The management of forces and means in special operations is carried out by the Senior Operational Chief, which only makes it possible to make a decision and a method for holding a special operation and manages it.
Depending on the tasks solved special operations are divided in directions, species and methods.
Directions Defined atmosphere. Special operations are carried out in an emergency atmosphere, with an emergency incidents of a criminal nature that caused a large public resonance, emergency situations (natural disasters, catastrophes, etc.), as well as in the situation at which a special, emergency or military regime can be introduced.
By type Special operations are divided into operations:
- ? wanted and seizure of armed and other dangerous criminals;
- ? eliminate gangster and terrorist groups, illegal armed formations;
- ? curb conflicts on an interethnic basis;
- ? prevention and suppression of mass riots;
- ? the liberation of hostages;
- ? curbing the capture of important objects, aircraft;
- ? elimination of the effects of emergency situations, etc.
In addition, divisions, groups, special sections of the ATS conduct special operations of the following species. "
i intelligence operations pursuing the purpose of obtaining information (mining data on gangster and illegal armed formations, their processing and use);
- ? Operations for public safety, the main purpose of which is to seize the gangsters, militants, documents, weapons, combat and other equipment, equipment, equipment. They are carried out by active actions by means of ambush, holding raids, other special events at the location of the gangster groups or on the territory controlled by illegal armed formations;
- ? Operations for the provision of public safety of the region, the purpose of which is to preserve or restore in the individual territories (in areas) of the constitutional system. The essence of the operation is to curb the anti-state, subversive, terrorist or other activities of rebel, rebellious or illegal armed groups aimed at changing the country's political or state-owned device by violent methods;
- ? Rescue operations are carried out to return to the location of their forces or to another safe place of servicemen, employees of the ATS, citizens of the Russian Federation and foreign citizens who have captured missing or found in the territory controlled by gangster groups or illegal armed groups as well as To search and evacuate flight crews, shot down over the territory of the enemy;
- ? Psychological operations that are aimed at changing the necessary direction of behavioral and emotional attitudes of the participants in the gangster or illegal armed formations and civilian population of the area on certain political and other issues, as well as countering the propaganda of the opposing party among the population. They are to demoralize and disorient the participants in the gangster groups or illegal armed formations, in the decline of them to stop resistance, desertion, passing the authorities, as well as in the formation of a benevolent attitude to federal forces from the local population. This is done with the help of printed, audio and video products, radio and telephony, work of loud-speaking sounding stations, personal communication of specialists of psychological operations with prisoners and civilians;
- ? Operations for the formation, support and combat use of irregular forces providing for the organization of armed struggle to solve problems in the interests of the Russian Federation as a whole include the search for groups and detachments, other forces leading or ready to conduct an armed struggle with gangster or illegal armed formations, assistance to them In the acquisition, training, equipment and machinery, in combat and special training, as well as conducting other actions to carry out tasks assigned to special purpose units allocated from ATS. For these operations, a wide application of agent methods of work is characterized, interaction with the established authorities and civil administration;
- ? Auxiliary operations intended to ensure security, peacekeeping shares, providing humanitarian assistance, the elimination of natural disasters, restoring the civil administration, holding quarantine events in the zones of armed conflict and in other dangerous places.
Special operations are distinguished by ways Their holding: a search in a non-disconnected area; search in a blocked area; search in directions; search for objects; Surroundings, persecution, ambush, capture or liquidation, blocking; persecution, offensive, active defense; identification, detection and removal of weapons, instruments of crime, items seized from turnover, physical evidence; check; storm; Ensuring public security in the conduct of political, cultural and sporting events; preventing prohibited socio-political events; Liquidation of the consequences (depending on the type) of an emergency.
Planning special activities An emergency atmosphere is an integral element of management for all OWD managers. It should cover the entire system of public safety measures. The planning of special operations is engaged in relevant leaders, including senior operational bosses.
The effectiveness of ATS activities depends on many factors, including improving personnel work, information support, the introduction of elements of the scientific organization of labor, providing special means and technique.
The activities of the ATS are a response to the events of criminal nature or on the occurrence of natural disaster. It is not always possible to plan activities to prevent any criminal events. In most cases, planning is aimed at preventing the deterioration of the operational situation.
Before you start planning any special activity, it is reasonable to hold a certain work to the most operational boss (headquarters). The sequence of this work, as a rule, is understanding whether it will be carried out independently or at the direction of the Senior Operational Chief.
It is advisable to determine the final goal of special activities, its intent, which includes the following points: the need for a special operation (or enough individual actions), the sequence of organization and operations, possible tasks for forces and means, etc.
Further, the operational boss comprehensively evaluates the situation and calculates the algorithm of possible criminal actions in the territory of the territory. Everything is considered with regard to social phenomena, including the impact of crime in all its forms and types of operational situation, the social and ethnic composition of the local population, and the like. In addition, their strengths are evaluated, terrain relief in the area of \u200b\u200bthe operation, the possibility of action, taking into account the time of year, day, weather conditions, etc. Basic in the assessment of the situation is the conclusions for each element that are fundamental to make a decision on planning special activities.
An important stage of the work of any operational chief in planning special activities is the decision-making. If any employee can be involved in the operation of the operation, then the operational boss must be a personal responsibility for the decision, therefore it is necessary to take into account all, even minor details. As a result of the planning, the following points are determined: Estimated criminal actions (species, method, the number of criminals, their armament, nature of actions, etc.); the overall task for all forces attracted to the operation; The sequence of upcoming actions; tasks of specific employees, outfits, groups; ways to build combat orders and tactics of action; Questions of interaction, communications, management.
It should be borne in mind that when planning a special operation it is impossible to foresee everything, especially for the actions of criminals, directions to develop events, so it is necessary to create an actions algorithm in a particular situation. Only under these conditions it is possible to make a feasible solution.
Based on the decision taken, the plans on which they then produce appropriate preparation of the personnel involved in special activities to ensure public security.
One of the most important elements of the plan is order, Setting specific organizational components, such as the number of personnel, equipment, equipment, clothing, etc. This part of the order is the basis for calculating forces and means, taking into account all possible options for this type of special activity (species and methods for conducting special operations). Special attention is paid to equipment, equipment, weapons, technical support, and if necessary, indicate where it all needs to be obtained in advance to replenish in time.
For the personnel involved in special activities, the place of collection (focused area) and the procedure for nomination to the area of \u200b\u200baction (source district), as well as a communication system, interaction. Indicate the features of the possible redeployment of forces and means (including supportive forces).
The order draws attention to the role of the forces and means of the body, on the territory of which there was a need for special activities. Separately consider the actions of the leadership of the Department of Internal Affairs, as well as the organization and procedure for conducting the documentation of both criminal events and the actions of the outfits, groups and departments of the ATS.
Based on possible criminal actions, we plan relevant types and methods for conducting special operations and outlined the intended areas and place of their conduct.
Map, The plan or scheme of the area of \u200b\u200bthe special operation is drawn up graphically. Such plans should be in the number of planned operations. Practice shows that the developed plans in a textual form, without using a scheme, plan, or card, ineffective.
The map or plan applies the places of permanent dislocation of forces and means of the ATS, denote the routes of extension to the areas of concentration, source areas, etc. If the scale of the card or plan allows, then you all set out important objects that need to be protected. All this is produced in accordance with the executive rules for the design of combat and graphic documents in the ATS.
The operator of the operation is a central figure in the course of its organization and conduct, is responsible for the success of the operation, so it is most often in the most responsible directions. He owns the right to make decisions, put combat missions to subordinate and control their implementation.
When conducting large operations to help, the head creates an operational headquarters, which is engaged in the planning, organization of forces and means, interaction, brings together combat missions, orders, instructions, organizes comprehensive operation.
Of great importance during the operation has connection which is created in accordance with the decision of the Operator's head and the instructions of the headquarters.
The head of the headquarters is responsible for the timely organization of communication, and in cases where the headquarters is not created, - the head of the operation. The main means of communication is radio communication, and in the divisions, in addition, - messenger and installed signals. Communication must be continuous during the entire operation.
The operation is organized according to the generally accepted scheme. Calculating the task, the head produces a time calculation, gives preliminary orders, evaluates the situation, in the presence of opportunities to reconnect, makes a decision, puts the combat missions to subordinate, and supporting forces, organizes interaction, controls the course of preparing the personnel of the operation, takes force and means On the original frontiers.
After that, at the appointed time or by the head signal, the operation begins. The applied methods of managing departments and outfits in the operation depend on the preparedness and conditions of the situation, as well as on the presence of time, the nature of the actions of criminals (enemy).
An important element of the management of units and dresses during the operation is to monitor the accurate and timely implementation of the devoted orders and orders. First of all, check the fulfillment of those service and combat missions that play the main role in achieving the goal of the operation. Control is carried out continuously in order to prevent late or inaccurate execution of remittances or teams.
Calculation of power For a special operation, based on the number of armed and other dangerous criminals (gangster groups, enemy), their weapons, intentions, psychological state and in general, their social danger. The basis of the calculation is determined and depends on the possible amount of work, which should lead to the seizure or elimination of criminals, the fulfillment of the task of protection or defense of objects, ensuring public safety, preventing or curbing mass riots, etc. For an objective calculation of the forces, accurate knowledge of the operation of the operation is required, Object size, etc. Thus, the reasonable calculation of the forces requires the head of a thorough assessment of local conditions, which requires a map or area plan.
In the course of special operations, it is often necessary to block, environment, search, swinging, persecution, and when the crowd is supplied, the crowd is required, its dispersion, dissection (dispersal), and so on. All these actions cannot be made without a thorough calculation of the required amount of forces. Each type and method of special activity requires its approach to the calculation of forces.
To obtain the final digit of the required amount of forces to carry out the operation, it is also necessary to determine the composition of the reserve.
The legal basis of the activities of the ATS in the fulfillment of tasks in emergency conditions (during special operations) are the Constitution of the Russian Federation, generally accepted principles and norms of international law, federal constitutional laws, federal laws, decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, interdepartmental and departmental regulations Legal acts.