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Study of meteorological conditionsin the production room
The purpose of the work is to master the methods of assessing the meteo conditions of the room; familiarize yourself with the instruments and methods for measuring climate parameters; principles of normalization of the parameters of the climate of the room.
Laboratory installation To measure meteorological conditions includes the following instruments:
-psihrometer (1)
The psychrometer consists of two thermometers. The tank of one of them remains dry and the thermometer shows the air temperature. The reservoir of another is surrounded by a strip of fabric, the end of which is omitted into the water. Water, evaporating from the surface of the thermometer reservoir, absorbs heat, as a result of which the indications of the "wet" thermometer below the "dry" testimony. - butnon-meter cup (3) To measure the speed of air from 1 to 20 m / s. It consists of a crossliner with four hollow hemispheres mounted on a vertical rotating axis, which is associated with the counter number of revolutions.
-b.aromometer aneroid (4) To measure atmospheric pressure. The main part of the barometer is a sealed metal box, which is connected to a pressing mechanism with a pressure-pointer arrow;
-t.umbler (5)to turn on the installation;
-inwheel Wheel (6) To change the speed of air movement.
Measurement results:
Speed \u200b\u200bv \u003d 0 m / s.
|
Temperature T, ° C |
Humidity |
Period of year |
GOST 12.1.005-88 |
||||||||||||
|
Permissible |
Optimal |
||||||||||||||
|
absolute to g / mі |
relative r,% |
||||||||||||||
|
premises |
|||||||||||||||
|
cold |
constant |
Easy - IA. |
No more than 0.1. |
Calculations:
tsuch \u003d 21 (° C)
tBLA \u003d 19 (° C)
21-19 \u003d 2 \u003d\u003e R \u003d 83%
fSUCH \u003d 18.65 (mm)
fVLAZ \u003d 16.48 (mm)
K \u003d 18.65ch83: 100 \u003d 15.48? 15.5 (g / mi)
teff \u003d 21.5 (° C)
t (° C) from 22 to 24
Air humidity 40-60%
Air speed 0.1 m / s
After comparison with GOST, it can be concluded that the temperature indoors is below the norm by 0.5 ° C, the humidity of the air is exceeded by 23%. Air speed within the normal range.
meteorological room climate anemometer
Speed \u200b\u200bv 0, m / s.
|
Anemometer readings |
C2 - C1 / T, about / s |
Speed, V, M / s |
Psychometric coefficient |
Temperature, ° C |
Elasticity of water vapor mm RT. Art |
Humidity |
||||||
|
absolute to g / mі |
relative r,% |
|||||||||||
Calculations:
5256-5006 \u003d 250 (rev / s)
K \u003d 16.48-0.0008ch (21-19) h726 \u003d 15.3 (g / mі)
R \u003d 15.3. : 16.48ch100 \u003d 92.84 (%)
tEXT-EF. \u003d 19.5 (° C)
In accordance with GOST 12.1.005. - 88 Optimal standards in the workplace during the cold season should be the following:
t (° C) from 22 to 24
Air humidity 40-60%
Air speed 0.1 m / s
After comparison with GOST, it can be concluded that the temperature indoors is below the norm by 2.5 ° C. The relative humidity of the air above the norm by 32.84%, and relative to the permissible above at 17.24%.
The difference between Tekw.-Eff and Teff is 2 ° C. This may mean that air speed ( V.) affects the final temperature indoor. Thus, during this work, we learned to calculate total values Meteorological conditions in the industrial premises, as well as familiarized themselves with the instruments and methods for measuring climate parameters.
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Air Wednesday
Wednesday protection against dangerous and harmful factors
If it is impossible to ensure the safety of a person in the occurrence of dangerous and harmful factors due to the activities laid down in equipment, technology, etc., the means of human protection are applied.
Protection tools ─ These are funds used to prevent or reduce the impact on human dangerous or harmful factors.
By the nature of the application, protection is divided into funds collective protection and personal protective equipment.
Collective protection funds include funds used to protect two or more people, including
alarm, Aircraft Normalization Means, Lighting, Defeat Protection electric shock and etc.
The means of individual protection include funds used individually, including costumes, respiratory protection means, hearing, etc.
With all the variety of protection, the protection can be considered as subjective and objective.
The use of subjective causes human protective actions due to its conscious actions. The main types of subjective tools of collective protection are automatic control, alarm, posters, safety signs, etc..
Objective protection means are operating independently of the person ─ sound insulation, reassembly, safety devices, etc.
The state of the air medium in the rooms is determined by meteorological conditions (microclimate) and air composition, which can be contaminated with gases, pairs, dust.
Characterized by temperature, humidity and speed of air movement in rooms. These air parameters affect the heat exchange processes between the organism and the air environment and human activity.
In the body of a person in a state of rest or work there is a heat formation. Moreover, the more physical (muscular) efforts makes a person, the greater the heat is formed. The resulting heat person gives to the surrounding space convection, heat-radiation, with evaporation of sweat, breathing. The amount of heat and heat transfer methods depends on meteorological conditions, i.e. Temperature, humidity and speed of air movement. In comfortable conditions, approximately 30% of the heat gives a convection, 45% - thermal radiation, 25% - the evaporation of sweat and breathing. At an air temperature of more than 37 ° C, almost 100% of the heat generated heat is given with the evaporation of sweat, and at low temperatures, heat is proposed mainly convection and heat radiation.
The human body temperature will not change if the heat generation of the body is equal to the heat transfer. This condition is supported by the thermoregulation of the body.
The thermoregulation of the body ─ is a combination of heat exchange processes between the organism and environmentalAs a result of which the body temperature is maintained at the same level. The thermoregulation is mainly carried out by change
the intensities of the trembling and blood circulation. Their increase facilitates the increase in heat transfer and maintaining normal body temperature.
With favorable meteorological conditions, due to thermoregulation, the body temperature of a person practically does not change. But the possibilities of the thermoregulation mechanism are limited. With unfavorable meteorological conditions, overheating or supercooling of the body leading to diseases may occur.
To ensure favorable meteorological conditions, the norms of meteorological conditions in the work premises are established (they are applicable for household premises).
Optimal and permissible temperatures, relative humidity and air movement speed are normalized depending on the time of year, the characteristics of the production premises and the category of work performed. The norms received two times of the year ─ warm, with the average daily temperature of the outer air + 10 ° C and above, and cold ─ below + 10 ° C; Three categories of work (lungs, middle severity, severe, respectively with energy consumption 172, 172-293 and more than 293 J / s); And the two characteristics of the premises ─ with minor excess of explicit warmth (23,2 J / (M³C) and less) and with significant excess ─ more values.
When monitoring meteorological conditions in the premises, the air temperature is measured by thermometers, relative air humidity ─ psychrometers, air movement speed ─ anemometers.
Maintaining the required meteorological conditions in the premises is provided by ventilation, heating, air conditioning and maintaining premises in good condition.
Considering the mechanisms for the effects of meteorological factors of the production medium (temperature, humidity, air velocity, the action of radiant energy of heated parts and aggregates) per person, it should be noted that the human body seeks to support the relative dynamic constancy of its functions under various meteorological conditions. This consistency provides primarily one of the most important physiological mechanisms - the mechanism of thermoregulation. It is carried out at certain ratio Heat formation (chemical thermoregulation) and heat transfer (physical thermoregulation).
It is known that excessive air humidity adversely affects the mechanism of thermoregulation of the body. Special harmful effects It has air humidity exceeding 70 - 75% at a temperature of 30 degrees and more. According to M.E. Marshakova and V.G. Davydova (1985), the upper boundary of the thermal equilibrium of a person in a state of rest is air temperature 30 - 31 degrees with a relative humidity of 85% or 40 degrees at a relative humidity of 30%. These borders change when performing physical work.
Movement of air is of great importance for heat regulation. When air moves, the return of heat from the body surface increases dramatically by convection.
To ensure normal meteorological conditions in the production premises is carried out large research. Hygienists and physiologists of labor have developed norms of exposure to meteorological factors in the working area of \u200b\u200bindustrial premises (ad. 1).
In production conditions, all meteorological factors affect the person at the same time. Therefore, it is important to identify their total influence on the working.
In production conditions, the temperature and humidity of the air is measured by aspiration psychrometer (the device for measuring the temperature and humidity of air, consisting of 2 thermometers - dry and wet, invented Asman (Amann) Richard is a German aerolologist).
One of the methods of approximate assessment of the total influence of meteorological factors is the method of accounting for effective and equivalent and effective temperatures. The effective temperature indicator includes the effect of temperature and humidity of air per person in the workplace, in which the surveyed appears a feeling of comfort. For the initial level of efficient temperature with different humidity, a sense of a person is taken, corresponding to the readings of a dry thermometer or 100 percent relative humidity.
To estimate the action on the human body, not only the temperature and humidity of the air, but also the speed of its movement use a nomogram for determining the equivalent and efficient temperature (see Fig. Admission 2). It allows you to determine the effective and equivalent-effective temperature in the testimony of a dry thermometer of a psychoometer from 0 to 38 degrees and air movement rates from 0 to 3.5 m / s (for workers performing easy operation).
The determination of the temperature is as follows. Using the ruler, connect points on the nomogram scale corresponding to the readings of dry and wet thermometers of a psychoometer. At the intersection of the resulting line with the air velocity line will be the point of the effective temperature of the fixed air and the equivalent and effective temperature of the movable air.
For example, a wet thermometer of a psychrometer shows 15 degrees and dry - 25 degrees, which corresponds to 21 degrees of the effective temperature of fixed air at the air velocity of 1.5 m / s. In this case, the equivalence-effective temperature is 19 degrees.
However, when using this method, the impact on the person of such important factors as the effect of gravity and nervous tensions of labor, radiant energy, etc. Therefore, it can be used only for an approximate assessment of the human impact on the person of all meteorological factors of the external environment.
A special group of measures aimed at preventing overheating under production conditions is a rational drinking mode (workers of hot shops are provided by carbonated salted water (from 0.2 to 0.5% sodium chloride). Drinking such water reduces thirst, sweating, weight loss contributes to Reducing the body temperature, improves well-being and efficiency), hydroprocessuras and rational labor and recreation mode.
Restoration of disturbed functions during the rest will be complete when favorable meteorological conditions will be created in the restroom. For working in hot shops, special cabins or recreation rooms are created, the temperature of the walls in which is lower than the air temperature. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the possible negative effect of a sharp change of temperature in the workplace and at the place of rest. Therefore, at the air temperature in the workplace, for example, about 40 degrees, the air temperature in the rest room should be maintained at 25-28 degrees (V.N. Nov Arksky, 1967).
For preventing overheating, regulated breaks (3-5 minutes) are of great importance, during which employees are wiping warm or cold water Before the belt and rub the body with a towel. It is useful during these regulated breaks to calmly sit in the recreation room, where comfortable conditions are created.
In addition to preventing overheating, no less important in production conditions has prevention of the body's supercooling. It is the supercooling that is one of the causes of colds. The main reason for the occurrence of colds is the uncomfortable conditions for industrial premises and inappropriate clothes. The cause of colds, in the opinion of many researchers, is not strongly exposed to cold to the human body, and in the long-term action of cooling onto the skin surface.
Walled diseases occur not so much from the effects of cold air, but from its combination with high humidity. Humidity contributes to the cooling of the body and in cases where the skin surface is covered later, since wet skin is much more cooled than dry. The heat transfer is particularly enhanced when the skin is coated, then at a low temperature or wind.
The main means of preventing colds are the improvement of sanitary and hygienic conditions in the workshop, on the site and systematic hardening of the body.
In the cold season, in closed industrial premises it is necessary to eliminate everything that contributes to the supercooling of the body. Special danger represent sharp streams of cold air, breaking through the open gate, doors, not glazed windows, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to protect jobs in the industrial premises from sharp flow of cold air with a frequent opening of doors and other openings using gateways, tambours, air curtains, etc. If the device is not possible in places where there are drafts, it is necessary to put the screens of partitions with a height of up to 3 m. For greater cooling protection on partitions, heating batteries can be placed.
Good protection against cold air is also an air curtain. From the bottom of the channel located below or side with the grille, it is supplied using a fan to the entire width of the air jet. Depending on the mass and speed of air movement, you can stop accessing the outdoor cold air shop or to skip some part of it. In winter, the air is recommended to pre-heat the air from the channel.
A single glazing of windows in the workshops is poorly protected from the invasion of cold air flows. In addition, large glass surfaces serve as a source of negative radiation. Therefore, in the workshops where work is related to the cold technological process should have double glazing. In hot workshops, in the presence of jobs near outside glazed fences, there should also be double glazing windows located at an altitude of at least 3 m. Double glazing protects not only from sharp air flows, but also from the cooling effect of window surfaces having a low temperature .
For natural ventilation in winter, it is necessary to use framugs, which are usually located in the upper part of the window, which contributes to the passage of cold air into the upper area of \u200b\u200bthe room. Framug must have side guide reflectors.
The state of meteorological conditions of labor is caused by such a factor in the production environment as infrared radiation.
Infrared radiation, spreading from the radiation source in the form of electromagnetic waves (from 0.76 to 420 μm long), is absorbed by the skin, causing it heating. The radiation power and distribution in separate sections of the spectrum depend on the absolute temperature of the radiating body.
To assess the impact infrared radiation On operating along with spectral characteristics, the radiation intensity is important. To measure the intensity of the radiant energy of heated production sources, an actinometer is used (consists of a galvanometer and a thermal radiation receiver). The radiation intensity is measured by the amount of small calories falling on 1 sq. CM surfaces for 1 minute. The intensity of thermal radiation in the workplace when performing individual production operations ranges from 0.1 to 15-18 kcal / min. x sq.mm and more. As the workplace removes from radiation sources, the intensity of the heat flux decreases. Thus, to limit the effects of infrared radiation, it is necessary that the worker is at a certain distance from the radiation source and was provided with appropriate protective clothing.
purpose of work : Mastering the methodology for the study of meteorological conditions in industrial premises.
Theoretical part
Meteorological conditions of the production environment or production climate are called the physical condition of the air environment characterized by temperature, humidity, speed of air movement and the effects of thermal radiation) (strongly heated and cooled equipment or buildings).
The main conditions are the temperature and humidity. Meteorological conditions in production should provide health and cheerful well-being working, in other words, should be comfortable. In particular, a comfortable temperature will be called such that does not cause an increase or decrease in the normal temperature of the human body.
However, in the production setting, especially in hot shops, there are almost always conditions for the forced increase in the body temperature of the worker.
The human body has a property to adapt to the surrounding meteorological conditions. it protective property The person is called thermoregulation.
The thermoregulation is the body's ability to regulate both heat generation and heat transfer depending on the surrounding meteorological conditions, while maintaining the body temperature at almost the constant level.
The thermoregulation is expressed as follows: at high temperatures, intensive evaporation of sweat from the body surface begins; At the same time, peripheral blood vessels are expanding; The blood sticks to the surface of the body in the process of selection and evaporation of the sweat caused by the cooling of the body. At the same time, the blood heat is taking place, as a result of which the body temperature is saved at a high level.
Otherwise, the human body reacts to a decrease in ambient air temperature - the peripheral blood vessels of the skin are reduced, the rate of blood flow through the skin slows down and returns by convection and radiating decreases.
For thermoregulation, air humidity in constant interaction with the environment has great importance.
In tab. 1 (Extraction from the Norms CH-245-71) provides recommended values \u200b\u200bof the main parameters of the air environment in the industrial premises, depending on the excess heat allocated as a result of the technological process and the category of work on their severity.
NOTE:
1. The work area is the space of up to 2 meters above the floor or platform on which the person is located.
A constant workplace is considered to be the place where the working is most of its time. If the maintenance of processes is carried out at various clauses of the working area, then the workplace is the entire work area.
2. Excess obvious heat (from equipment, heated materials, insolation and people) should be considered residual heat generation (minus heat loss) after the implementation of all technological and building measures to reduce them, as well as on the heat insulation of equipment, installations and heat pipelines, sealing equipment and devices local suns associated with technological equipment and other events. An excess of explicit heat is considered insignificant in an amount not exceeding 20 kcal / m. Explicit is heat acting on an increase in indoor air temperature.
3. All works are divided into three categories:
A. To the categories of easy work (energy costs up to 150 kcal / h include work, produced sitting, standing or related to walking, but do not require systematic physical stress or raising and carrying, the main processes of accurate instrument making and mechanical engineering, the work of controllers, office works and etc.)
B. To the category of moderate severity of work (energy costs of more than 150 and to 250 kcal / h) include work related to a constant walking (carrying small weights up to 10 kg) and standing standing (main processes in mechanical assembly shops, when machined wood , in welding shops, etc.).
B. To categories of heavy work (energy costs of more than 250 kcal / h include work related to systematic physical stress, as well as with constant movements and carrying gravity over 10 kg, the main processes of Marten, foundry, rolling blacksmith, thermal production, etc.) .
There are the following states of humidity:
a) absolute humidity (F), i.e. the amount of moisture that is in the air at a given temperature;
b) Maximum humidity (F) or dew point representing the maximum amount of moisture that can be in the air at a given temperature.
c) relative humidity (), expressed as a percentage and represents the ratio of absolute humidity to the maximum:
\u003d F / F100%
where: F. - Absolute humidity
F - Maximum humidity.
In order to determine the relative humidity of air, psychrometers and hygrometers are applied.
Of these three states, when evaluating meteorological conditions in industrial premises, relative humidity is most often taken into account.
This humidity should always be normal, i.e. Such which provides favorable conditions for the thermoregulation of the human body.
The most appropriate ratios between relative humidity and temperature are given in Appendix 1.
Normal relative humidity at normal temperature (ranging from 18 to 23 0 s) is the humidity of 40-60%.
In addition to the temperature and relative humidity, the speed of air is important to create normal meteorological conditions in industrial premises.
The conditional air movement at normal temperature can cause a cold sensation, at high temperature such a movement increasing heat transfer from the body into the environment by enhanced sweat evaporation facilitates the struggle of the body with high temperatures.
To ensure normal meteorological conditions, you need to be able to determine the temperature in the industrial premises, the relative humidity and the speed of air movement.
Knowing these parameters of the air-environment of industrial premises, we can schedule at our disposal technical measures, such as general industrial ventilation and achieve such interaction between the temperature, relative humidity and speed of air movement that will ensure the best well-being working.
To determine the temperature as without taking into account the speed of air movement in the industrial premises, and in combination with the speed of air movement of the relative humidity, a special monogram is developed and proposed, which can be determined efficient, efficiently equivalent and comfortable temperatures.
The temperature is effective, which is felt by a person with a certain relative humidity of the air and the absence of its movement in the premises.
An efficiently equivalent temperature is a temperature that is felt by a person with a certain humidity of air and move it at different speeds in the room.
Non-profit joint-stock company
"Almaty University of Energy and Communication"
Department of labor protection
Discipline: Basics of Life Safety
REPORT
in laboratory work number 1
on the topic: "Study of meteorological conditions of industrial premises"
Specialty: 050702 - Automation and Management
Performed: Adji-Khoodjaev students MA, Ereshkin K.A., Zarubin V.R Group:AISU-07-2.
Leader:stiver Priproder Prikhodko N.G.
_____________________ «____" ___________________________2010
Almaty 2010.
Laboratory work number 1. Study of meteorological conditions of industrial premises.
Objective: Determination of microclimate parameters in the working area and comparing the data obtained with optimal norms according to GOST 12.1.005-88.
Theoretical information
Control of the condition of the microclimate in the industrial premises is performed by measuring the parameters of the microclimate in the working area using the following instruments.
To determine the air temperature, the thermometers are 9irt and alcohol), thermographs, thermal mothers. If there are heat emissions, paired thermometers consisting of 2 thermometers are used. At one thermometer, the surface of the mercury reservoir is burned, another is silver;
To determine humidity, psychoometers are used either without a fan or with a fan. In both cases, the psychrometer consists of 2 thermometers - dry and moisturized. The thermometer moisturizing is carried out by wetting the water of the tissue covering the ball of one of the thermometers. In an aspiration psychrometer Assman, the thermometers are enclosed in a metal frame, the bulbs of the thermometers are in double metal sleeves, which allows the use of the device under heat radiation conditions, and the use of the fan is eliminated by the influence of other air flows. Based on the testimony of two thermometers according to the empirical formula, the absolute and then relative humidity of the air are calculated. Knowing the readings of dry and wet thermometers, you can determine the relative humidity and by nomograms.
To determine the speed of air, anemometers are used, the principle of operation of which is based on the determination of the number of rotten rotation rotating due to the energy of the air flow. The wing anemometer is used at air movement speed from 1 to 10 m / s, cup up to 30 m / s. Air speed is less than 1 m / s is measured by a catarmometer (or thermomemometer), since the usual anemometer in this range gives large deviations from valid values \u200b\u200bdue to the inertness of the device mechanism.
Atmospheric pressure is not a normalized microclimate parameter, however, to calculate the values \u200b\u200bof absolute, and then relative humidity, it is necessary to know its value. For measuring atmospheric pressure, the barometers of the aneroids of different models are served.
Determination of atmospheric pressure
To determine the atmospheric pressure on the barometer - the aneroid, on the dial of which an arcuate mercury thermometer is mounted, according to which the correction is introduced to the ambient temperature. Before removing the instrument readings to eliminate the effect in the mechanism, it is necessary to slightly knock on the instrument body. To avoid distortion when counting, the eye of the observer should be located perpendicular to the plane of the device. After removal of the testimony, it is necessary to consider 3 amendments: the scale, temperature and added, i.e.
Amendment on the scalation of the device is shown in Table 1
Table 1 - Amendment on the instrument
Temperature amendment is determined by the formula
Where Δp is a temperature correction by 1 ° C (Δp \u003d 0.06 mm. Hg); T - The temperature of the barometer thermometer is removed with an accuracy of the tenth of the degree.
An additional correction (RDOB) for the test certificate of the device is taken equal to 13 mm.rt.
Example: the testimony of RPR \u003d 694 mm.RT.st. was removed according to the barometer-aneroid. and temperature 23 ºС. The scale correction (RSHK) in accordance with Table 1 will be (-1.15) mm.rt.st., the temperature correction of the RTMP \u003d ΔP * T \u003d 0.06 * 23 \u003d 1.38 mm.T., Additional correction RDB \u003d 13 mm.RT.st. Then p \u003d 694-1.15 + 1.38 + 13 \u003d 707.23 mm.rt.st. There is a need for translation MM.RT.st. In PA, it is necessary to take into account that 1 mm.rt.st. \u003d 133,322 Pa. The calculated atmospheric pressure value is entered in Table. 2 studies protocols.
Determination of air temperature
Determine the air temperature in the laboratory, using the dry thermometer of the psychrometer Assman. Record readings in tab. 2, 4 research protocols.
Determination of relative air humidity
Calculate the value of the relative humidity of the air in the laboratory using the Aspiration Psychrometer Assman. To do this, 3-4 minutes before the readings of dry and wet thermometers are watched by wool on a wet thermometer tank, introducing water from the bottom, using a pipette located on the stand. Include a fan and turn off after 3 minutes. At the same time remove the readings of dry and wet thermometers, which are recorded in Table 2 of the protocol.
Determination of air movement speed
Determining the speed of air movement under air stroke. This is done by mapping two reports on the dial anemometer - before the experience of experience and after experience. The difference between these references is divided by the time of experience and then graphics determine the actual speed of air movement. Anneometer is located on the stand in the aerodynamic tube, where the air flow is created by the fan. To turn on, you must turn the switch on the stand to position 1. Noticeably in the report, turn on the arrows of the device and the stopwatch, fix the second countdown. For more accurate results, 3 measurements are usually made (100 s), calculate the difference in the meter readings, the results are folded and divided into the sum of the time of all three measurements. Then by target graphics, the average number of divisions per second is transferred to the speed measured in M \u200b\u200b/ s. The data obtained is entered in Table. 3.4 protocol.
Determination of the sanitary and hygienic assessment of the microclimate
Sanitary and hygienic assessment of microclimate in the laboratory. For this, from the current GOST-12.1.005-88 in Table 4 of the protocol, make the values \u200b\u200bof the optimal parameters of the microclimate for this category of work and the year of the year and the actual parameters that are defined during the work process. Based on the comparison, there are conclusions and suggestions on measures to create a favorable microclimate.
Table 3 - Determination of Air Movement Speed
Table 4 - Comparison of the data obtained from GOST-12.1.005-88
Then compute absolute tenure (a), i.e. The number of water vapor, which is contained in the air at the time of the study, expressed in weight units (g / m) or as a pressure of water vapor in mm.T.
Where FBL is the pressure of saturated water vapor at a humid thermometer temperature, mm.rt.st.
0.5 - permanent psychrometric coefficient;
tC-TVL is the difference in the readings of dry and wet thermometers, ºС;
P is atmospheric pressure, mm.rt.st., calculated in the task according to the formula.
A \u003d 11.96- (0.5 * (8.8) * 707.23) / 755 \u003d 7.84 mm.rt.
C: 22.8-20.822 mm.rt.st. - FC.
The relative humidity (B) is calculated as the ratio of absolute humidity to the maximum (M) (the largest possible amount of water vapor in the air at a given temperature), expressed as a percentage
Where FC is the pressure of saturated water vapor at a dry thermometer temperature.
B \u003d A / FC * 100% \u003d 7.84 / 20,822 \u003d 37.7%
Then the relative humidity on the psychometric graph of the nomogram shown on the table is determined. Vertical lines on the chart correspond to the testimony of a dry thermometer, and inclined - wet. The desired relative humidity is defined as a point of intersection of vertical and inclined lines corresponding to the measurements of dry and wet thermometers. The resulting value is entered in Table 2, compared with the calculated value in and determine the discrepancy in percent. The discrepancy should not exceed 5%.
Table 2 - Protocol Investigation of microclimate parameters
|
Name |
Value |
|
1. Simply measure |
|
|
2. Show dry thermometer, ºС |
|
|
3. Shutters of a wet thermometer, ºС |
|
|
4.Anmospheric pressure r, mm.rt.st. |
|
|
5. The pressure of saturated water vapor at a temperature of the dry thermometer Fc, mm.R.T. |
|
|
6. The pressure of saturated water vapor at the temperature of the dry thermometer Fc, mm.R.T. |
|
|
7. Establishment of absolute humidity A, MM.RT.st. |
|
|
8. Relative humidity, in,% |
|
|
9. Relative humidity by nomogram,% |
|
|
10.Things in the values \u200b\u200bobtained,% |
Output
Study And the rationale for the direction of increasing profits "UE Vitebsklift"
Thesis work \u003e\u003e EconomyPeriodic printing data. In the process research, analysis and systematization of the information obtained are applied ... labor. To create optimal meteorological conditions Labor B. production premises The plant is carried out by the following activities: ...
Conditions Labor researchers and developers of their improvement in the innovation process
Coursework \u003e\u003e Management... researchApplied researchDevelopment. Fundamental research - Experimental or theoretical research ... to ensure normal meteorological conditions in production premises A large research is carried out ...
Condition and labor protection in the enterprise
Essay \u003e\u003e EconomyTemperature B. premises is one of the leading factors defining meteorological conditions manufacturing medium. High ... must provide: 1. The performance of calculations; 2.Laborator research; 3. Experts with the involvement of special experts; ...